A bout analysis reveals age-dependent methylmercury neurotoxicity and nimodipine neuroprotection: Implications for the role of calcium homeostasis in aging
نویسنده
چکیده
........................................................................................................................................ ii Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Behavioral consequences of normal aging ....................................................................... 1 Behavioral consequences of methylmercury exposure ..................................................... 7 Theories of normal aging ................................................................................................ 10 Free radicals and oxidative stress ....................................................................... 10 Calcium homeostasis .......................................................................................... 12 Calcium ........................................................................................................................... 13 Calcium channels ................................................................................................ 14 Calcium signaling and homeostasis .................................................................... 16 Calcium channel blockers ................................................................................... 17 Dysregulation of calcium homeostasis ............................................................................ 18 Normal aging ....................................................................................................... 18 Neurodegenerative aging .................................................................................... 20 Environmental contaminants ............................................................................... 22 Nimodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker .............................................................. 27 Quantifying behavior change .......................................................................................... 30 Bout analysis ....................................................................................................... 30 The current research study ............................................................................................. 33
منابع مشابه
Dietary nimodipine delays the onset of methylmercury neurotoxicity in mice.
Adult-onset methylmercury (MeHg) exposure is thought to result primarily in sensory and motor deficits but effects on learning are poorly understood. One mechanism by which chronic MeHg may exert its neurotoxicity is via sustained disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis, with a consequent increase of intracellular Ca(2+) ions in vulnerable neurons. A biochemically heterogeneous group of...
متن کاملDual effects of neuroprotection and neurotoxicity by general anesthetics: role of intracellular calcium homeostasis.
Although general anesthetics have long been considered neuroprotective, there are growing concerns about neurotoxicity. Preclinical studies clearly demonstrated that commonly used general anesthetics are both neuroprotective and neurotoxic, with unclear mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that differential activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, a calcium release channel located on...
متن کاملSpinal and supraspinal analgesic effects of Nimodipine : The role of Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal(HPA) axis .
Nimodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, can induce analgesia. However, it is not clear that this analgesic effect is at the level of spinal or supraspinal pain pathway. In addition, it has been reported that the analgesic effect of nifedipine, another L-type calcium channel blocker is related to the HPA axis, but there is no report indicating the role of this axis in the analgesic eff...
متن کاملNimodipine Protects PC12 Cells against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation
The protective effect of a L-type calcium channel blocker, nimodipine, on cell injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in PC12 cells was investigated. PC12 cells were exposed to in-vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (30 minutes and 60 minutes respectively) in the presence or absence of nimodipine (10mM/L) in three different time schedules (pre-24h, pre-3h and concurrently). Cellular vi...
متن کاملDifferential rescue of spatial memory deficits in aged rats by L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel and ryanodine receptor antagonism.
Age-associated memory impairments may result as a consequence of neuroinflammatory induction of intracellular calcium (Ca(+2)) dysregulation. Altered L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-VDCC) and ryanodine receptor (RyR) activity may underlie age-associated learning and memory impairments. Various neuroinflammatory markers are associated with increased activity of both L-VDCCs and RyRs,...
متن کامل